Facing tool



NGV 16, i948- F. G. LIVINGQTON Erm. 2,453,848

" FAGING TOUL I Filed March 18, 1946' Y Xa Patented Nov. 16, 1948 FACING. TooL Francis Livingston and Charles L; Livingston, Y

Algona, Iowa Application March 18, 1946, Serial No. 655,283

1 Claim.

This invention relates to improvements in facing tools.

In the repair or installation of metal conduits and fittings it is often necessary, while on the job, to perform a facing operation on the end of a tube or fitting in order to provide a seat for a cooperating part. When working in a food plant, such as a-dairy, where sanitary fittings are used, it is very important that this work be done smoothly and accurately, and that the seat be properly centered with respect to the tube.

It is a general object of the present invention to provide a relatively small and readily portable facing tool which can be easily and quickly used on the job to perform a selected facing operation on the end of a tube or tubular fitting.

A further object of the invention is to provide a device of the class described which will perform its work accurately, with the cutter always maintained in a properly centered position with respect to the tube.

A still further object of the invention is to provide a facing tool which is adapted for use in conjunction with rotary -cutters of various types and sizes, including tapered cutters of the type having .teeth positioned to cut an internal tapered seat or of the type having teeth positioned to out an external tapered seat.

A more specific olbject of the invention is to provide a facing tool having means engageable with the interior of the tube, without injuring the same, for operatively supporting and centering a cutter.

A further object of the invention is to provide a facing tool as above described wherein tube engaging supporting members of various sizes may lbe interchangeably used, to adapt the tool for work on tubes of assorted diameters.

Other objects of the invention are to provide a facing tool which is relatively inexpensive to manufacture, which has relatively few parts t-o get out of order, and which can be operated manually =by an inexperienced workman.

With the above and other objects in View, the invention consists of the improved facing tool, and 4all its parts and comb-inations, as set forth in the claim, and all equivalentsthereof.

In the accompanying drawing, illustrating one complete embodiment of the preferred form of the invention, in which the same reference numerals designate the same parts in all of the views:

Fig. 1 is a longitudinal `sectional view through a tubular fitting showing the facing tool in operative relation thereto, some of the parts ofy the tool being in longitudinal section;

numeral 5 designates a metallic tube. This tube may be of any desired type, but in the drawing it is shown as equipped with a ferrule 6 at one end and with a ferrule "I at the opposite end. The ferrule 'I is externally threaded as at 8. The ferrule 6 has a portion adjacent its end which is of enlarged diameter as at 9 to provide an annular shoulder I0. It is frequently necessary while on the job to cut an internally tapered seat on one end as at II, and to cut an external taper on the opposite end as at I2. With the use of the improved -tool of the present invention, this type of seat maybe very quickly formed in an accurateV manner while the cutter `is held in centered position with respect to the tube 5.

The tool includes a stem I3 having a threaded portion I4 near one end formed with a longitudinal keyway I5. The extreme outer end of the stem, Ibeyond the threaded portion I4, is preferably squared as at I6 or otherwise formed for `cooperation with a wrench or handle.

At its inner end the stem is of reduced diameter as at I I and threaded as at I8. Between the main portion of the stem and the portion I'I of reduced diameter is an annularly tapered or frusto-conical wedging secti-on I9. A nut 20 which is threaded on the threaded end portion I8 has its inner end of tapered or frusto-conical form as at 2I to form a second annular wedging surface.

A supporting member for the stem is designated generally by the numeral 22. It is formed of a plurality of cooperating sector-shaped sections. It is preferred to use three sector-shaped sections 23, each one being approximately equal to one-third of a circle. The peripheries of the sections 23 are formed with registering grooves 24 which receive a split spring steel band 25. The band is preferably of less thickness than the depth of the groove 24 and serves the function of temporarily holding the sections 23 in assembled position on the stem while the tool and supporting member 22 are being inserted into a tube.

The inner portion of each section 23 has a transverselyextending recess 26 which is arcu ate in cross-section. When the three sections 23 are in assembled relationship as in Fig. 2, thej recesses 26 cooperate to form a center hole. At each end each recess is outwardly flared as at 21 so that the hole formed by the three cooperating recesses 26 has an annular are at each end, one of which cooperates with the tapered portion I9 of the stem I3 and the other of which 4cooperates with the tapered portion 2| of the nut 23 as is clear from Fig. 1.

Slidable and rotatable on the stem I3 is a sleeve 28 having a portion 29 of enlarged diameter at one end. At the other end the sleeve is exte nally squared as at 30 or otherwise formed for ooperation with a center hole in a turning han le 3|. In the drawing theendsof the handle 3| are broken off. It is, however, to be understood that these ends extend laterally for a substantial distance so that they may be easily manipulated to cause rotation of the sleeve 23 for a purpose to be hereinafter described.

The portion 291 of the sleeve .is rigidly connected to and forms the hub of a cutter 32. Where it is desired to cut tapered seats, Aas in the drawing, then a tapered cutter Yof the 'type illustrated may be used. However, various sleeves, 'each having a different type of cutter, may be furnished for interchangeable use. The cutter 32 is .formed with cutting edges 33 which are used .for cutting an internal tapered seat as in Fig. 1.

Slidable on the threaded portion I4 Vof the stem and having a key 35 for cooperation with the keyway I5 is a washer 36. A threaded feed Wheel 31 is threaded onto the portion I4 of the stem to bear against the outer face of the washer 33.

When it is desired to insert the cutter :in a tube or tubular fitting, a sectional supporting member or disc 22 of proper diameter for the tube to be operated upon is assembled on the portion I'I of the stem. The nut 20 is then threaded :on the inner end of the stem Lbut is not drawn up to such an extent as to cause spreading of the 4 sections 23. These sections are temporarily maintained by the spring steel band 25 `in such a position that the member 22 has Aa minimum ydiameter.

The supporting member 22 is then inserted into the tube, as is shown in Fig. 1, and a cutter :sleeve with `a selected cutter is slipped `onto 4the stem. Next, the cutter operating handle 3| is vplaced in position, then the washer '36, and then the feed wheel 3l is threaded in place. turning tool is then engaged with Kthe end I6, and the stem is rotated to cause the nut 29 to be threaded toward the tapered stem :section I9. This causes the -two annular tapered sections 2| and I9 to be drawn toward one another and to act on the tapered recess portions 21 of the lsections 23 to spread said sections apart and cause the outer periphery of `the sections to have an expanding movement into tight contact with the inside of the tube. This operation is continued until the tube is engaged firmly enough to form a proper support for the facing tool. Obviously the apparatus insures accurate centering of the cutter 32 with respect to ythe tube '5.

Next, the feed `wheel 3l is rotated to force the cutting edges 33 of the cutter into proper engagement with the Apart to lbe cut. Then, by rotating the cutter, through manipulation of the handle 3|, and by turning the feed Wheel 31 at intervals, the facing operation may be quickly performed. The final result, when the parts are arranged as in Fig. 1, 4is to cut the internally tapered seat -I I.

To cut an external vtaper as at I2, the supporting-disc 22 is inserted into .the opposite end of A wrench or yother the tube as in Fig. 3, and a sleeve 28 having a tapered cutter 32', which is reversely positioned on the sleeve from the cutter 32, is substituted. rIhe tool is then used in the same manner as heretofore described, and the final result is the cutting of the tapered external seat I2.

While only two interchangeable cutters have been illustrated, -it is obvious Ythat various other types and sizes of cutters maybe furnished.

To remove the tool after a facing operation Ehas been performed, it is merely necessary to .rotate the stem I3 at the head I6 in a direction to cause a loosening of the nut 2|). After the wedging surfaces I9 `and 2| have been drawn a sufficient distance apart the tool may be readily withdrawn from the tube.

It is clear from the above that the improved facing tool can be inexpensively manufactured, that it only has a few parts of a type which are not vlikely to1get=outfof order, and that 'it can lbe easily operated by a relatively inexperiencedman.

It yis .also :apparent lthat the :construction is such as rto provide for accurate @centering Iof the fcutter with respect to the work.

Various changes Iand Imodifications may be made Without depart-ing `from the spirit yof lthe invention, zand all of such 'changes are 'contem- A platedas maycome within theiscopevof the claim.

What we claim is.:

A facing tool -f or operating on a tubular member comprising a stem Vhaving an annular wedglng surface spaced :from an yend, .a nut threaded on said end and having vits end 4which faces fthe annular wedging surfaceof thestem formed'with an annular 4wedging surface, said stem having its opposite end formed with a relatively long threaded section, -a supporting member in which said stem is centered surrounding lthe portion of the stem between said two annular wedging surfaces, said supporting member being formed of a plurality :of sector-shaped ysections and .said stem being rotatable lto vcause movement of said nut-.and annular wedgifng :surface thereof toward the annular wedginglsurface of the stemand fexpansion of the sections intot-ightiengagement with the `interior wall -of the tubular member `to ybe faced, a relatively long sleeve Yslidablv and rotatably mounted `on an intermediate 'portion of Vsaid stem, a Acutter :rigid-ly connected :to one :end Vof said sleeve and 'rotatable'in response -to rotation of the flatter, a handle at the Vopposite end of 'the sleeve, feed wheel threaded on the relatively long .threaded section of 'the stem `outwardly of the sleeve, .and a washer slidably Aand non-rotatably surrounding thestembetWeen-the vfeed wheel and sleeve and engaged Aby the feed wheel `to feed the cutter toward :the wor-k when the feed wheel is turned, lthe portion -of the stem outwardly of the feed -wheel `being accessible for manipulation -to cause rotation Eof the stem.

FRANCIS G. LIVNGSTGN. CHARLES L. LIVINGSTON.

REFERENCES CITED The following references rare of record in the file of Athis patent.:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name vDate 1,160,625 Long Nov- 16, .1915 '1,972,822 Le May Aug. 28, 1934 .2,211,183 Tyt-us etal Aug. .'13, 1940 2,351,217 Kopp June 13, 1944 

